EDUCATION

HND vs BSc: Which Holds More Value in Nigeria? Here’s What You Need to Know

HND vs BSc: Which Holds More Value in Nigeria? Here's What You Need to Know

The question of whether an HND or a BSc holds more value in Nigeria is one that continues to spark passionate debates across campuses, workplaces, and even government circles. This comparison isn’t just academic—it affects employment, career growth, and even social perception. While both qualifications are designed to prepare students for professional life, their reception in the Nigerian labour market differs.

A BSc, or Bachelor of Science degree, is awarded by universities after a minimum of four years of academic study. It is widely recognised as the standard university qualification. On the other hand, the Higher National Diploma (HND) is issued by polytechnics, following two years of National Diploma (ND) study, a year of industrial training, and another two years of HND coursework.

In terms of structure, both the HND and BSc require rigorous academic work, but their approach differs. Polytechnic education is heavily skill-based and practical, whereas universities focus more on academic theories and research. As a result, HND holders often have hands-on experience from their time in school, while BSc holders are expected to develop critical thinking and analytical capabilities through deeper academic exposure.

When it comes to job opportunities, however, the BSc usually gets more favourable treatment. Many employers, especially in federal and state civil service roles, tend to place BSc holders in higher job grades compared to their HND counterparts, even when both apply for the same position. For example, a fresh BSc holder might be placed at Grade Level 8, while an HND holder could be assigned to Grade Level 7.

This disparity isn’t based on proven competence. In fact, several HND graduates excel in the same roles and outperform BSc holders in practical situations. But historical policy bias, outdated perceptions, and organisational preferences continue to tilt the scales toward university graduates.

This situation has prompted protests, petitions, and advocacy from polytechnic student unions and graduates, calling for the elimination of the so-called HND–BSc dichotomy. The Nigerian government has, at different times, made moves to bridge this gap, including recommendations to allow HND holders rise to the highest career levels in the civil service. However, full implementation has been slow.

In private companies, the difference in value between BSc and HND depends on the industry. Sectors like banking, oil and gas, and multinational corporations still show preference for BSc holders. But in technical fields such as engineering, construction, and information technology, HND graduates are highly sought after because of their technical expertise and real-world training.

Another factor to consider is career progression. For BSc holders, advancing to master’s level and even doctoral degrees is straightforward. HND holders often face hurdles when trying to enroll in postgraduate programmes, especially in federal universities. They are usually required to go through a Postgraduate Diploma (PGD) first before qualifying for a master’s degree.

This barrier can make HND holders feel like they are always playing catch-up, even when their professional competence is not in question. Fortunately, some Nigerian universities and foreign institutions now accept HND graduates directly into postgraduate programmes, recognising the quality of polytechnic training.

On the economic side, salary packages in many entry-level positions favour BSc holders. This is especially true in jobs advertised with minimum qualification requirements that exclude HND applicants outright. However, HND holders who manage to get in often close the gap through performance and additional certifications.

Professional certifications can be a game-changer for HND holders. By acquiring certifications in project management, accounting, IT, or engineering, they increase their value and competitiveness. In some cases, these credentials carry more weight with employers than academic titles alone.

Entrepreneurship has also levelled the playing field. Many HND graduates now run successful businesses, especially in the trades and digital sectors, where skill and innovation trump paper qualifications. These success stories show that value isn’t always determined by your certificate, but by what you do with it.

Social perception is another area where BSc often gets more prestige. Many Nigerians still associate university degrees with higher status, which influences hiring decisions, family expectations, and even political appointments. This has contributed to the belief that the BSc holds more value—even when, in practice, the outcome may be the same.

Some employers are now shifting from qualification-based recruitment to skill-based hiring. These companies focus on what applicants can do, rather than what certificates they hold. This is especially common in startups, tech firms, and international organisations with modern HR policies.

What this means is that while the BSc might hold more formal value today, the gap is shrinking. As industries continue to demand practical skills and problem-solving abilities, the market value of an HND is improving. The future of work is increasingly favouring those with the ability to produce results, regardless of academic background.

Students choosing between polytechnic and university must consider their career goals, personal interests, and learning style. For those who thrive in technical or hands-on environments, an HND can be just as rewarding as a BSc—especially when followed up with additional training, certifications, or a degree conversion programme.